Ruby is the gem stone ruled by Sun. In Sanskrit, Ruby is called ratnaraj. It occurs as Red and transparent variety of mineral corundum. It is a very brilliant, hard, durable and wearable stone. The qualities of Ruby is purity of colour, heavy specific gravity, coldness of touch, flawless and transparent clarity, brilliance and good proportions. The color ranges from pigeon blood red, bluish red to yellowish red. Red is the cosmic colors transmitted by Rubies. A Ruby is a symbolic beauty, health, love, passion and friendship. It makes a person bold and courageous and eliminates depression. It enhances name and fame. It fosters integrity, devotion, happiness, healing, courageous, romance and passion. It also evokes warmth, inspiration, prosperity, high energy and leadership ability.
Species: Corundum
Transparency: Transparent
Color: Red, Pink and oringish-voletish-purplish-pinkish-blackish-red
Refractive Index 1.763-1.770
Birefringence: 0.008
Pleocheroism: Strong dichorism
Crystal system: Hexagonal
Optic character: Doubly refractive
Specific gravity: 4.00
Mohs hardness: 9
Dispersion: 0.018
Flourasense: Long wave-weak to strong red
Identifying visual Finger print inclusions, hexagonal growth lines, silk and strait branding characters
Sources: Persian Gulf, Burma, Venezuela, Thailand, Sri Lanka, Cambodia & Vietnam
Other uparatnas: Red Spinel, Red Garnet, Rube let
Pearl is the gem ruled by Moon. It is a lustrous concretion mainly of mother of pearl or nacre which is the substance forming the inner layers of mollusc shells. The pearl is the abnormal growth due to a minute particle invading the body of a mollusc and becoming coated with the layers of nacre. Both marine and fresh water molluscs produce pearls. Fine pearls have a even, smooth texture without any flaws in the nacre. Shape, size and colour are significant. They come up in many shapes and varieties. A Bouton pearl is hemispherical and solid irregular shaped pearls are known as Baroque. The hemispherical are considered to be the best. Pearls are available in white, black, rose to cream colors. Orange is the cosmic color transmitted by pearl. A good pearl strengthens mental faculties, calms emotions and increase of peace of mind. This is an excellent gem for meditation. It inspires purity, honesty, innocence, integrity, concentration, meditation and tranquility. It is prescribed for deficiency of calcium, heart diseases, diabetics, insanity and other mental diseases.
Species: Natural pearl
Transparency: Translucent to opaque
Color: White, pink, cream, rose, yellowish, blue, greenish, black and gray
Refractive Index: 1.530-1.686
Crystal system: Aggregate
Specific gravity: 2.7
Mohs hardness: 2.5-4-5
Flourasense: Long wave-inert to strong, short wage inert to moderate
Identifying visual Orient, gritty texture when rubbed on teeth, best way to separate natural characters, cultured X-radio graph
Sources: Natural Oyster pearl- Persian Gulf, Sri Lanka, Valenzuela, Bengal, Mumbai, Australia and South Pacific.
Other uparatnas: Moonstone
Red Coral is ruled by planet Mars. The name pf the Coral is derived from Greek word 'Koraillion' and signify the hard and calcareous skeleton of the coral animal. It is a part of large scale of marine invertebrates characterized by a calcium carbonate or horny skeleton called coral. Corals are divided into two sub classes based on the differences in their radial symmetry of eight tentacle animals each with an internal skeleton or six tentacles. The Red Coral belongs to the eight tentacle sub class. Yellow is the color transmitted by Corals. It is available in red, pink, reddish orange and orange tones. Blood red and pink red corals are considered to be the best. A red coral removes obstacles and averts accidents. In financial matters, it is an asset for the native and makes him debt free. It nullifies Kuja dosha and promotes marriage. It promotes creativity, passion, wisdom and enthusiasm.
Species: Coral
Transparency: Translucent
Color: Red, pink, reddish orange and orange
Refractive Index: 1.486-1.658
Crystal system: Aggregate
Specific gravity: 2.65
Mohs hardness: 3.5-4
Dispersion: 0.038
Identifying visual Wavy parallel fibrous structure, uneven fracture with dull luster characters
Sources: Mediterranean Sea, Red Sea, Persian Gulf, Coasts of Algeria, Taiwan, Spain, Italy, Japan, Australia, Tunisia, Taiwan, Spain
Other uparatnas: Carnelian and Blood stone
The term Emerald is derived from French term 'Esmeralda'. It is a very fascinating gemstone and has the most beautiful, intense and radiant green color. From mineralogical point of view, emeralds are beryllium aluminum silicates and belong to the large gemstone family of beryl. It has traces of Chromium and vandalism, that are responsible for the fascinating color. It is a hard stone and chips easily. It is mostly cut in a rectangular step cut popularly known as Emerald cut. The best Emeralds are those that display rich color, emit a soft glow,glisten with gold particles and do not have any blemishes. Green is the color transmitted by Emerald. According to Vedas, Emeralds promises good luck and enhances well being. It institutes psychic powers. In medical terminology, it is good for general health, nervous system. It promotes love, romance, joy, memory, faith and intelligence. It shields the native from poisonous snakes and envious persons.
Transparency: Transparent
Color: Green, Yellowish green and bluish green
Refractive Index: 1.577-1.583
Birefringence: 0.005-0.009
Pleocheroism: Weak to strong diction
Crystal system: Hexagonal
Optic character: Doubly reflective
Specific gravity: 2.72
Hardness: 7.5-8
Dispersion: 0.014
Flourasense: Long and short wave inert to weak green
Identifying visual Typical three and two phase inclusions characters
Sources: South America, Africa, India, Pakistan, Russia and Egypt
Other uparatnas: Green Jade, Green Tourmaline, Green Diopside , Green Aquamarine
Yellow Sapphire is ruled by the planet Guru. It is also called Pukaraj, is the yellow variety of the Corundum family. It is hard and brilliant stone. Pure Aluminum Oxide crystallizes into splendid gem stones by the pressure of heat in the depth of the ground. It is available in various shades ranging from light yellow to orange and brownish tones. The gemstones should be evenly colored, flawless and well shaped. Light blue is the cosmic color transmitted by Yellow Sapphire. It symbolizes universal love, affection and spiritual knowledge. It is very helpful for progeny and child birth. It is excellent in financial matters and business stability. In medical astrology, it is prescribed for calcium deficiency, heart diseases, insanity and mental diseases.
Species: Corundum
Transparency: Transparent
Color: Light, golden, brownish yellow, pinkish and orange yellow
Refractive Index: 1.762-1.770
Birefringence: 0.008
Pleocheroism: Strong dichorism
Crystal system: Hexagonal
Optic character: Doubly reflective
Specific gravity: 4.00
Mohs hardness: 9
Dispersion: 0.018
Flourasense: Colorless sapphire, long wave inert to strong reddish, short wave inert to moderate orange
Identifying visual Finger print inclusions, hexagonal growth lines, silk and strait color branding characters
Sources: Burma, Thailand, Sri Lanka, Cambodia, Vietnam
Other uparatnas: Yellow Topaz, Citrine, Heliodor, Golden Pearl
Venus is regarded the brightest planet only after the sun and the moon in the sky. Venus or Shukra is the teacher of demons. He is also allotted the office of a minister in the nine planets Solar system. It is to be said that Lord Shiva imparted the knowledge of making the dead alive (Mrityusanjivini Vidya) to Shukra. Venus (Shukra) is also important because of its association with the science of mantras and medicine, tantra, the casting of spells, hypnotism, mesmerism and alchemy. It is also called the god of fine arts, love, beauty and attraction. At one side it provides pure maternal love in human life. The gem stone of Venus is the diamond.
Diamond, the king of gem abounds in chemical values and it is the most precious mineral. It is famous for its surprising luster, hardness and beauty.
Chemically, Diamond is found that it is a solid carbon. Diamond gemstones are found in mines and plains too. Diamond colour is white as well as of other colours. Diamond gemstone looks like the source of the divine dazzling light of the stars in the sky. According to astrology Diamond represents the Venus planet. If the Venus planet has weak position in the horoscope and the man has the Taurus or Libra sign of the zodiac, he can improve his destiny by wearing diamond. By wearing diamond inferiority complex of its wearer vanishes and brightness is seen on his face and many other qualities generate in him automatically. The persons of the opposite sex are attracted to each other by wearing diamond.
The wearing of diamond is much beneficial to poets, painters, artists, actors and sellers of perfumes and ornaments and their makers too. Diamond gemstone is advantages to confectioners, hoteliers, gold sellers, doctors and sellers of sugar and rice. The wearers of diamond can be saved from ominous things and evil spirits such as witches, ghosts, black magic and even the effect of poison also decreases. Diamond gemstones increases the stamina and makes the marital life happy and permanent. Diamond gemstone also improves health, checks untimely death also. Diamond gemstone is advantageous in diseases like epilepsy, impotency, rheumatism, hydrocil, shortage of semen and other sexual diseases.
Uparatnas: Zircon, White Sapphire.
Blue Sapphire is ruled by Shani. It belongs to Corundum family. It is harder than any other gem but diamond and it has no cleavage plane, so it cannot be cut with single blow like diamond. In fact a synthetic sapphire is used to for scratch resistant watch crystals, optical scanners and other instruments because its durability can be trusted. A good sapphire should have a fine, evenly distributed color, it should be free from flaws and to cut proper proportions for brilliancy. A rare variety of this gem is called Maha Neela and it is known to tint with the color of milk with blue. Violet is the color transmitted by this gem stone. It protects danger while travelling and eases mental unrest and various forms of madness. It alleviates long term misfortunes causing by change of place. It is fine, brilliant, deep blue Burmese varieties can dazzle the eye.
Species: Corundum
Transparency: Transparent
Color: Blue, greenish blue, blackish blue, gray blue, purple and violet
Refractive Index: 1.762-1.770
Birefringence: 0.008
Pleocheroism: Strong dichorism
Crystal system: Hexagonal
Optic character: Doubly reflective
Specific gravity: 4.00
Mohs hardness: 9
Dispersion: 0.018
Flourasense: Light blue sapphire, long wave moderate to strong pink, purple and violet : : sapphire: Long wave inert to strong reddish violet, short wave inert to moderate violet.
Identifying visual Fingerprint inclusions, hexagonal growth lines, silk and strait color branding characters
Sources: Burma, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Cambodia, India, Vietnam, Australia, Brazil
Other uparatnas: Tanzanite, Blue spinel, Kynite, Blue Zircon, Amethyst
Hessonite / Gomeda is the gem ruled by Rahu. It belongs to Grossularite clan. The word Hessonite is derived from Greek word esson that means inferior as these gems are regarded to be less valued. It is a gemstone from garnet family. Magnets which pulls them is the very special phenomenal feature. It has smoky red luster and good quality stone has an orange luster with copper colored sparkle. Ultra Violet color is transmitted by this gem. It averts devastators, protects from accidents and evil spirits and brings wealthy and prosperity to the wearer.
Species: Grossularite
Transparency: Transparent
Color: Golden orange, brownish orange and reddish orange
Refractive Index: 1.74-1.75
Birefringence: -
Pleocheroism: -
Crystal system: Cubic
Optic character: Singly refractive
Specific gravity: 3.61
Mohs hardness: 7
Dispersion: 0.028
Flourasense: Inert
Identifying visual: Roiled internal appearance, garnet inclusions, anamolus, double refraction characters strained colors may be visible and strain colors may be visible in polariscope
Sources: Sri Lanka, Africa, India, Burma, Brazil, Australia, Mexico, Russia, Italy, USA
Other uparatnas: Orange zircon, Sepessarite
Cat's eye is the gem ruled by Chrysoberyl ruled by Ketu. With a carbon cut, a light colored line appears and that moves as the gem is turned giving a stone resembles to the eye of a cat. This phenomena called asterism is caused by a parallel arrangement of fine fibers of either foreign substance or minute hallow tubules. Infra red is the color transmitted by this gem. The gemstone builds determination, strength of mind, steadfastness, will power, courage, vigor, self-control, intelligence and knowledge.
Species: Chrysoberyl
Transparency: Transparent to translucent
Color: Yellow, greenish yellow and brownish yellow
Refractive Index: 1.746-1.755
Birefringence: 0.009
Pleocheroism: Weak to strong dichorism
Crystal system: Orthorhomic
Optic character: Doubly reflective
Specific gravity: 3.73
Mohs hardness: 8.5
Dispersion: 0.015
Flourasense: Nil
Identifying visual Strong cat's eye looking light band caused by minute reflection on included characters crystal fibers and also natural and fingerprint inclusions
Sources: Sri Lanka, Brazil, South India and Burma
Other uparatnas: Tourmaline